声调/变音符号
1 | $\dot{a} \ddot{a} \acute{a} \grave{a}$ |
$\dot{a}\quad \ddot{a}\quad \acute{a}\quad \grave{a}$
1 | $\check{a} \breve{a} \tilde{a} \bar{a}$ |
$\check{a}\quad \breve{a}\quad \tilde{a}\quad \bar{a}\quad$
1 | $\hat{a} \widehat{a} \vec{a}$ |
$\hat{a}\quad \widehat{a}\quad \vec{a}$
类字母符号即常数
1 | $\infty \aleph \complement \backepsilon \eth \Finv \hbar$ |
$\infty\quad \aleph\quad \complement\quad \backepsilon\quad \eth\quad \Finv\quad \hbar$
1 | $\Im \imath \jmath \Bbbk \ell \mho \wp \Re \circledS$ |
$\Im\quad \imath\quad \jmath\quad \Bbbk\quad \ell\quad \mho\quad \wp\quad \Re\quad \circledS$
数论用
1 | $a\equiv1\pmod{m}$ |
$a\equiv1\pmod{m}$
1 | $a\bmod b$ |
$a\bmod b$
1 | $\gcd(m,n) \operatorname{lcm}(m,n)$ |
$\gcd(m,n)\quad \operatorname{lcm}(m,n)$
1 | $\mid \nmid \shortmid \nshortmid$ |
$\mid\quad \nmid\quad \shortmid\quad \nshortmid$
1 | $a\%b$ |
$a\%b$
根号
1 | $\surd \sqrt{2} \sqrt[n]{} \sqrt[n]{x}$ |
$\surd\quad \sqrt{2}\quad \sqrt[n]{}\quad \sqrt[n]{x}$
运算符
1 | $+ - \pm \mp \dotplus$ |
$+\quad -\quad \pm\quad \mp\quad \dotplus$
1 | $\times \div \divideontimes / \backslash$ |
$\times\quad \div\quad \divideontimes\quad /\quad \backslash$
1 | $\cdot * \star \circ \bullet$ |
$\cdot\quad *\quad \star\quad \circ\quad \bullet$
1 | $\oplus \ominus \otimes \oslash \odot$ |
$\oplus\quad \ominus\quad \otimes\quad \oslash\quad \odot$
1 | $\circleddash \circledcirc \circledast$ |
$\circleddash\quad \circledcirc\quad \circledast$
1 | $\bigoplus \bigotimes \bigodot$ |
$\bigoplus\quad \bigotimes\quad \bigodot$
集合
1 | $\{ \} \emptyset \varnothing$ |
${\quad }\quad \emptyset\quad \varnothing$
1 | $\in \notin \not\in \ni \not\ni$ |
$\in\quad \notin\quad \not\in\quad \ni\quad \not\ni$
1 | $\cap \Cap \sqcap \bigcap$ |
$\cap\quad \Cap\quad \sqcap\quad \bigcap$
1 | $\cup \Cup \sqcup \bigcup \bigsqcup \uplus \biguplus$ |
$\cup\quad \Cup\quad \sqcup\quad \bigcup\quad \bigsqcup\quad \uplus\quad \biguplus$
1 | $\setminus \smallsetminus \times$ |
$\setminus\quad \smallsetminus\quad \times$
1 | $\subset \Subset \sqsubset$ |
$\subset\quad \Subset\quad \sqsubset$
1 | $\supset \Supset \sqsupset$ |
$\supset\quad \Supset\quad \sqsupset$
1 | $\subseteq \nsubseteq \subsetneq \varsubsetneq \sqsubseteq$ |
$\subseteq\quad \nsubseteq\quad \subsetneq\quad \varsubsetneq\quad \sqsubseteq$
1 | $\supseteq \nsupseteq \supsetneq \varsupsetneq \sqsupseteq$ |
$\supseteq\quad \nsupseteq\quad \supsetneq\quad \varsupsetneq\quad \sqsupseteq$
1 | $\subseteqq \nsubseteqq \subsetneqq \varsubsetneqq$ |
$\subseteqq\quad \nsubseteqq\quad \subsetneqq\quad \varsubsetneqq$
1 | $\supseteqq \nsupseteqq \supsetneqq \varsupsetneqq$ |
$\supseteqq\quad \nsupseteqq\quad \supsetneqq\quad \varsupsetneqq$
关系符号
1 | $= \ne \neq \equiv \not\equiv$ |
$=\quad \ne\quad \neq\quad \equiv\quad \not\equiv$
1 | $\doteq \doteqdot \overset{\underset{def}{}}{=} :=$ |
$\doteq\quad \doteqdot\quad \overset{\underset{def}{}}{=}\quad :=$
1 | $\sim \nsim \backsim \thicksim \simeq \backsimeq \eqsim \cong \ncong$ |
$\sim \quad\nsim\quad \backsim\quad \thicksim\quad \simeq \quad \backsimeq\quad \eqsim\quad \cong\quad \ncong$
1 | $\approx \thickapprox \approxeq \asymp \propto \varpropto$ |
$\approx\quad\thickapprox\quad \approxeq\quad \asymp\quad \propto\quad \varpropto$
1 | $< \nless \ll \not\ll \lll \not\lll \lessdot$ |
$<\quad \nless\quad \ll\quad \not\quad\ll \quad\lll \quad\not\lll\quad \lessdot$
1 | $> \ngtr \gg \not\gg \ggg \not\ggg \gtrdot$ |
$> \quad\ngtr\quad \gg\quad \not\gg\quad \ggg\quad \not\ggg \quad\gtrdot$
1 | $\le \leq \lneq \leqq \nleq \nleqq \lneqq \lvertneqq$ |
$\le\quad \leq\quad \lneq\quad \leqq\quad \nleq\quad \nleqq\quad \lneqq\quad \lvertneqq$
1 | $\ge \geq \gneq \geqq \ngeq \ngeqq \gneqq \gvertneqq$ |
$\ge\quad \geq\quad \gneq\quad \geqq\quad \ngeq\quad \ngeqq\quad \gneqq\quad \gvertneqq$
1 | $\lessgtr \lesseqgtr \lesseqqgtr \gtrless \gtreqless \gtreqqless$ |
$\lessgtr\quad \lesseqgtr\quad \lesseqqgtr\quad \gtrless\quad \gtreqless\quad \gtreqqless$
还有很多,大概率是用不上的,就不写了
集合符号
1 | $\parallel \nparallel \shortparallel \nshortparallel$ |
$\parallel\quad \nparallel\quad \shortparallel\quad \nshortparallel$
1 | $\perp \angle \sphericalangle \measuredangle 45^\circ$ |
$\perp\quad \angle\quad \sphericalangle\quad \measuredangle 45^\circ$
1 | $\Box \blacksquare \diamond \Diamond \lozenge \blacklozenge \bigstar$ |
$\Box\quad \blacksquare\quad \diamond\quad \Diamond\quad\lozenge\quad \blacklozenge\quad \bigstar$
1 | $\bigcirc \triangle \bigtriangleup \bigtriangledown$ |
$\bigcirc\quad \triangle\quad \bigtriangleup\quad \bigtriangledown$
1 | $\vartriangle \triangledown \triangleleft \triangleright$ |
$\vartriangle\quad\triangledown \quad\triangleleft \quad\triangleright$
1 | $\blacktriangle \blacktriangledown \blacktriangleleft \blacktriangleright$ |
$\blacktriangle\quad \blacktriangledown \quad\blacktriangleleft\quad \blacktriangleright$
逻辑符号
1 | $\forall \exists \nexists$ |
$\forall\quad \exists\quad \nexists$
1 | $\therefore \because \And$ |
$\therefore\quad \because\quad \And$
1 | $\lor \vee \curlyvee \bigvee$ |
$\lor\quad \vee\quad \curlyvee\quad \bigvee$
1 | $\land \wedge \curlywedge \bigwedge$ |
$\land\quad \wedge\quad \curlywedge\quad \bigwedge$
1 | $\bar{q} \bar{abc} \overline{q} \overline{abc}$ |
$\bar{q}\quad \bar{abc}\quad \overline{q}\quad \overline{abc}$
1 | $\lnot \neg \bot \top$ |
$\lnot\quad \neg\quad \bot\quad \top$
箭头
1 | $\Rrightarrow \Lleftarrow$ |
$\Rrightarrow\quad \Lleftarrow$
1 | $\Rightarrow \nRightarrow \Longrightarrow \implies$ |
$\Rightarrow\quad \nRightarrow\quad \Longrightarrow\quad \implies$
1 | $\Leftarrow \nLeftarrow \Longleftarrow$ |
$\Leftarrow\quad \nLeftarrow\quad \Longleftarrow$
1 | $\Leftrightarrow \nLeftrightarrow \Longleftrightarrow \iff$ |
$\Leftrightarrow\quad \nLeftrightarrow\quad \Longleftrightarrow\quad \iff$
1 | $\Uparrow \Downarrow \Updownarrow$ |
$\Uparrow \quad\Downarrow\quad \Updownarrow$
1 | $\leftarrow \rightarrow \nleftarrow \nrightarrow \leftrightarrow \nleftrightarrow \longleftarrow \longrightarrow \longleftrightarrow$ |
$\leftarrow\quad \rightarrow\quad \nleftarrow\quad \nrightarrow \quad\leftrightarrow\quad \nleftrightarrow\quad \longleftarrow\quad \longrightarrow \quad\longleftrightarrow$
1 | $\uparrow \downarrow \updownarrow \nearrow \searrow \nwarrow \swarrow$ |
$\uparrow\quad \downarrow\quad \updownarrow\quad \nearrow \quad\searrow \quad\nwarrow \quad\swarrow$
1 | $\mapsto \longmapsto$ |
$\mapsto\quad \longmapsto$
1 | $\rightharpoonup \rightharpoondown \leftharpoonup \leftharpoondown \upharpoonleft \upharpoonright \downharpoonleft \downharpoonright \leftrightharpoons \rightleftharpoons$ |
$\rightharpoonup \quad\rightharpoondown\quad \leftharpoonup \quad\leftharpoondown \quad\upharpoonleft\quad \upharpoonright \quad\downharpoonleft \quad\downharpoonright\quad \leftrightharpoons\quad \rightleftharpoons$
1 | $\curvearrowleft \circlearrowleft \Lsh \upuparrows \rightrightarrows \rightleftarrows \rightarrowtail \looparrowright$ |
$\curvearrowleft\quad \circlearrowleft\quad \Lsh \quad\upuparrows\quad \rightrightarrows\quad \rightleftarrows \quad\rightarrowtail \quad\looparrowright$
1 | $\curvearrowright \circlearrowright \Rsh \downdownarrows \leftleftarrows \leftrightarrows \leftarrowtail \looparrowleft$ |
$\curvearrowright\quad \circlearrowright\quad \Rsh \quad\downdownarrows \quad\leftleftarrows\quad \leftrightarrows \quad\leftarrowtail \quad\looparrowleft$
1 | $\hookrightarrow \hookleftarrow \multimap \leftrightsquigarrow \rightsquigarrow \twoheadrightarrow \twoheadleftarrow$ |
$\hookrightarrow\quad \hookleftarrow \quad\multimap \quad\leftrightsquigarrow\quad \rightsquigarrow\quad \twoheadrightarrow \quad\twoheadleftarrow$
1 | $\xleftarrow{left} \xrightarrow{right} \xLeftarrow{Left} \xRightarrow{Right} \xleftrightarrow{left\& right} \xLeftrightarrow{Left\& Right}$ |
$\xleftarrow{left}\quad \xrightarrow{right}\quad $后面四个貌似有点问题?
特殊符号
1 | $\amalg \% \dagger \ddagger \ldots \cdots$ |
$\amalg\quad \% \quad\dagger\quad \ddagger\quad \ldots\quad \cdots$
1 | $\smile \frown \wr$ |
$\smile\quad \frown\quad \wr$
1 | $\diamondsuit \heartsuit \clubsuit \spadesuit \Game \flat \natural \sharp$ |
$\diamondsuit \quad\heartsuit\quad \clubsuit\quad \spadesuit \quad\Game\quad \flat\quad \natural\quad \sharp$
上下标
简单的应用省略
前置上下标
1 | ${}^2_1\!X^3_4$ |
${}^2_1!X^3_4$
导数
1 | $(PNG)x^\prime$ |
$x^\prime$
导数点
1 | $\dot{x} \ddot{x}$ |
$\dot{x}\quad\ddot{x}$
向量
1 | $\vec{x} \overleftarrow{AB} \overrightarrow{AB} \widehat{AB}$ |
$\vec{x}\quad\overleftarrow{AB}\quad\overrightarrow{AB} \quad\widehat{AB}$
上弧
1 | $\overarc{\frown}{AB}$ |
$\overset{\frown}{AB}$
上划线
1 | $\overline{ABC}$ |
$\overline{ABC}$
下划线
1 | $\underline{ABC}$ |
$\underline{ABC}$
上括号
1 | $\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$ |
$\overbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$
下括号
1 | $\underbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$ |
$\underbrace{1+2+\cdots+100}$
极限
1 | $\lim_{n\to\infty}x_n \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}x_n$ |
积分
1 | $\int_{-N}^{N}e^x\,dx$ |
$\int_{-N}^{N}e^x\,dx$
双重积分
1 | $\iint_M^Ndx\,dy$ |
$\iint_M^Ndx\,dy$
三重积分
1 | $\iiint_M^Ndx\,dy\,dz$ |
$\iiint_M^Ndx\,dy\,dz$
交集
1 | $\bigcap_1^np \bigcap\limits_1^np$ |
$\bigcap_1^np\quad \bigcap\limits_1^np$
并集
1 | $\bigcup_1^np \bigcup\limits_1^np$ |
$\bigcup_1^np\quad \bigcup\limits_1^np$
分数矩阵
分数
1 | $\frac{1}{2}=0.5$ |
$\frac{1}{2}=0.5$
小型分数
1 | $\tfrac{1}{2}=0.5$ |
$\tfrac{1}{2}=0.5$
大型分数
1 | $\dfrac{1}{2}=0.5 \dfrac{1}{x+\dfrac{3}{y+\dfrac{1}{5}}}$ |
$\dfrac{1}{2}=0.5\quad \dfrac{1}{x+\dfrac{3}{y+\dfrac{1}{5}}}$
二项式系数
1 | $\dbinom{n}{m}=\dbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$ |
$\dbinom{n}{m}=\dbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$
小型二项式系数
1 | $\tbinom{n}{m}=\tbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$ |
$\tbinom{n}{m}=\tbinom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$
1 | $\binom{n}{m}=\binom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$ |
$\binom{n}{m}=\binom{n}{n-m}=C_n^m=C_n^{n-m}$
矩阵
1 | $\begin{matrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{matrix}$ |
1 | $\begin{vmatrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{vmatrix}$ |
1 | $\begin{Vmatrix}a&b\\ c&d\end{Vmatrix}$ |
1 | $\begin{bmatrix}a&\cdots&b\\\vdots&\ddots&\vdots\\ c&\cdots&d\end{bmatrix}$ |
1 | $\begin{Bmatrix}a&c\\ b&d\end{Bmatrix}$ |
1 | $\begin{pmatrix}a&c\\ b&d\end{pmatrix}$ |
矩阵嵌套
1 | $\begin{vmatrix} \begin{Bmatrix}A & \\ c & d \end{Bmatrix} & x\\ \dfrac{1}{2} & \begin{matrix} 1 & 2 \\ 3 & 4 \end{matrix} \end{vmatrix}$ |
条件定义(如分段函数)
1 | $f(x)=\begin{cases}x-1&x\leqslant3\\ x^2+3x-1&x>3\end{cases}$ |
方程组
1 | $\begin{cases}2x+9y-5z=10\\ 4x+20y+z=24\\ x-\dfrac{1}{2}y+3z=8\end{cases}$ |
多行等式
1 | $\begin{aligned}f(x) & = (x + 1)^2 \\ & = x^2 + 2x + 1\end{aligned}$ |
数组/表格
1 | $\begin{array}{|c|c||c|}x&y&z\\8&2&4\\2&3&9\\10&\dfrac{3}{4}&\sqrt{3}\\a&b&c\end{array}$ |
字体
希腊字母
1 | $\Alpha \Beta \Gamma\Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \Eta \Theta$ |
$\Alpha \Beta \Gamma\Delta \Epsilon \Zeta \Eta \Theta$
1 | $\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Omicron \Pi$ |
$\Iota \Kappa \Lambda \Mu \Nu \Xi \Omicron \Pi$
1 | $\Rho \Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi \Omega$ |
$\Rho\Sigma \Tau \Upsilon \Phi \Chi \Psi \Omega$
1 | $\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta$ |
$\alpha\beta\gamma\delta\epsilon\zeta\eta\theta$
1 | $\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\omicron\pi$ |
$\iota\kappa\lambda\mu\nu\xi\omicron\pi$
1 | $\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega$ |
$\rho\sigma\tau\upsilon\phi\chi\psi\omega$
1 | $\varepsilon\digamma\varkappa\varpi$ |
$\varepsilon\digamma\varkappa\varpi$
1 | $\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi$ |
$\varrho\varsigma\vartheta\varphi$
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